Probabilistic Optimization of Networked Multi-Carrier Microgrids to Enhance Resilience Leveraging Demand Response Programs

Microgrids have emerged as a practical solution to improve the power system resilience against unpredicted failures and outages. offer substantial benefits for customers through local supply of domestic demands well reducing curtailment during possible disruptions. Furthermore, interdependency natural gas networks is key factor in energy systems’ critical hours. This paper suggests probabilistic optimization networked multi-carrier microgrids (NMCMG), addressing uncertainties associated with thermal electrical demands, renewable generation, electricity market. The approach aims minimize NMCMG costs operation, maintenance, CO2e emission, startup shutdown cost units, incentive penalty payments, load failures. Moreover, two types demand response programs (DRPs), including time-based incentive-based DRPs, are addressed. DRPs unlock flexibility potentials compensate shortage heat-power dual dependency characteristic combined heat systems technology considered model. simulation results confirm that suggested not only integrates into but also enhances systems.